SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF REVERSE LOGISTICS IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY CONTEXT

Abstract

This systematic review examines reverse logistics’ (RL) impact on the advancement of CE principles in sustainable supply chain management. The study synthesizes more than 2,000 peer- reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2025, examining RL in terms of environmental sustainability, economic efficiency, and social responsibility across electronics, automotive, textiles, and construction industries. Findings underscore RL's role in waste reduction, valuable material recovery, and curtailing virgin material extraction. Technological innovations such as the IoT, blockchain, and big data analytics are recognized as key enablers allowing enhanced traceability, decision-making, and system efficiency. However, challenges remain in the form of high operational costs, unpredictable return flows, and regulatory fragmentation. The review calls for harmonized policies, investments in technology, and region-specific strategies to overcome these hindrances. It recognizes research gaps in particular developing countries with respect to emerging new technologies. In conclusion, RL has been positioned as a strategic enabler of circularity and sustainability with the concerted effort of policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers needed to harness its full potential.